If you're thinking about studying weather and climate science, the most useful subjects are Mathematics, Physics, and Geography.

Maths and physics are especially important if you want to understand how weather forecasts are made, or go on to study meteorology at university. Geography is also valuable for understanding climate systems and real-world impacts.

Many university courses in meteorology, physics, or related subjects will expect A-levels (or equivalent) including Maths, and often Physics.

There are several ways to study weather and climate science at University.

Meteorology and climate degrees

Some universities offer specialist degrees, such as:

•    BSc Meteorology and Climate (University of Reading)

These courses focus directly on the atmosphere, weather forecasting, and climate systems. They usually require strong grades, including A-level Maths.

Physics and maths

Many weather and climate scientists study Physics or Mathematics at University.

These subjects provide a strong foundation in the principles used in forecasting and climate modelling.

Other related subjects

There are also important roles for people who study Geography, Environmental science, and Computer science.

For example:
•    Computer scientists develop weather models
•    Geographers study climate impacts
•    Environmental scientists work on climate solutions

Weather and climate science is a truly interdisciplinary problem. For example, weather and climate scientists work with biologists to study impacts on biodiversity, with lawyers to shape climate policy, and with social scientists to understand how people and communities respond to climate change.

Postgraduate study

Some roles, especially in forecasting and research, require further study after a degree.

For example, MSc courses in meteorology or climate science often require a BSc degree in a mathematical or physical science. 
 

People in this field work in a wide range of roles, including:

•    Weather forecasting
•    Climate research
•    Developing computer models
•    Data analysis
•    Working with governments or organisations on climate policy or preparedness

In the UK, organisations such as the Met Office employ scientists from a range of backgrounds, including meteorology, physics, maths, geography, and computing.

Maths and physics are the most direct route into understanding and predicting the weather. If you enjoy these subjects, they will open up the widest range of opportunities in weather and climate science.

But they are not the only route. What matters most is your interest in the subject and your willingness to learn.

Met Office careers:
https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/careers 

University of Reading Meteorology:
https://www.reading.ac.uk/meteorology 

Royal Meteorological Society:
https://www.rmets.org 

Oxford Physics:
https://www.physics.ox.ac.uk

National careers advice:
https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/meteorologist
https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/climate-scientist